Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques for the Quantitative Evaluation of Cardiac Mechanics: ASE/EAE Consensus - Statement on Methodology and Indications
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چکیده
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 1. Terms and Definitions: Basic Parameters of Myocardial Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 2. Techniques Used to Assess Local Cardiac Chamber Wall Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 2.1. Doppler Tissue Imaging (DTI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 2.2. Two-Dimensional (2D) Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography (STE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 2.3. Three-Dimensional (3D) STE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 2.4. Integrated Backscatter (IBS) Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 3. Physiologic Measurements of Left Ventricular Function . . . . 179 3.1. LV Architecture and Vectors of Myocardial Deformation . . 179 3.2. Clinical Use of LV Displacement, Velocity, Strain, and SR . . 181 3.3. LV Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 3.4. LV Dyssynchrony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 3.5. LV Diastolic Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 3.6. Myocardial Ischemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 3.7. Fibrosis and Viability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 4. Physiologic Measurements of Right Ventricular and Left and Right Atrial Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 4.1. Right Ventricle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 4.2. Left Atrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 4.3. Right Atrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 5. Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
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EXPERT CONSENSUS STATEMENT Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques for the Quantitative Evaluation of Cardiac Mechanics: ASE/EAE Consensus Statement on Methodology and Indications Endorsed by the Japanese Society of Echocardiography
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 1. Terms and Definitions: Basic Parameters of Myocardial Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 2. Techniques Used to Assess Local Cardiac Chamber Wall Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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